Hematology Oncology

Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation

The presence of healthy bone marrow and blood cells is essential for life. Some diseases can affect the bone marrow and prevent it from functioning. In such cases, bone marrow, peripheral blood, or cord blood transplantation may be the right treatment option.

Bone marrow and peripheral blood-derived stem cell transplants are generally defined as “hematopoietic stem cell transplants”. For some diseases, the only treatment option is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. With hematopoietic transplantation, unhealthy blood-producing cells are replaced with healthy ones. These transplanted cells also begin to produce healthy erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.

How Is Bone Marrow Transplant Performed?

Some drugs (such as growth factors) are given to patients in autologous transplants and to donors in allogeneic transplants. In this way, the stem cells in the bone marrow are directed to the surrounding blood. Subsequently, stem cells that have passed into the surrounding blood are collected by a special device. This process is called “stem cell apheresis” or “harvesting”. The collected hematopoietic stem cells are usually frozen and stored under appropriate conditions after undergoing some procedures. On the day of transplantation, it is melted and transferred to the patient.

In allogeneic transplantation, the collected stem cells are sometimes transplanted to the patient without processing and freezing. In both conditions, the stem cells are transplanted from the peripheral blood (through a vein) to the patient.

What are the Types of Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation?

Autologous Transplantation: The patient’s own stem cells are used for transplantation. It is a frequently used treatment option in patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
Allogeneic Transplantation: Typically used to treat patients with bone marrow disorders such as leukemia, aplastic anemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes.
Haploidentical Transplantation: Transplantation performed from a 1st-degree relative (sibling, child, or parent) with partial HLA (human leukocyte antigen) incompatibility between the donor and the recipient is called “haploidentical transplant” or “partial HLA incompatible” transplant.
Syngenic transplant: It is similar to an allogeneic transplant. The difference is that the donor is the patient’s identical (identical) twin.

Fibo Health provides quality treatment options in Turkey to the patients who are coming from all around the world. Istanbul is one of the most populous cities in the world. There are many hospitals and clinics that provide world-class care for their patients. Fibo Health’s team searches for the best doctors and hospitals, so we make sure to bring you to the most experienced health care professionals in Turkey.